FLUCLOXACILLIN SODIUM (FLOXACILLIN)

Some organisms are penicillin-resistant because they produce an enzyme called penicillinase, that destroys the antibiotic. Flucloxacillin, an analogue of oxacillin, is a semisynthetic penicillinase-resistant penicillin against staphylococci primarily. New penicillins such as methicillin, (di)cloxacillin, flucloxacillin and oxacillin are not destroyed by the penicillinase, but have no effect on bacteria that are resistant by other means like by altered cell wall structure. Macrolide antibiotics that inhibits protein synthesis by bacteria have become important in treating penicillin-resistant infections in patients allergic to penicillin. The sodium salt of flucloxacillin is administered orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. Chemical designation is [2S (2a, 5a, 6b)]-3.3-dimethyl-6-[[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl) carbonyl] amino]-7-oxo-4-thia-1- azabicyclo [3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, monosodium salt.

FLUCLOXACILLIN SODIUM
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
CAS NO.	5250-39-5 (Base) 1847-24-1 (Sodium)
EINECS NO.	226-051-0, 217-428-0
FORMULA	C₁₉H₁₆N₃ClFO₅S·Na·H₂O
MOL WT.	493.92
H.S. CODE
TOXICITY
SYNONYMS	Floxacillin sodium; Flopen; Floxapen; Flucil; Staphylex;
[2S (2a, 5a, 6b)]-3.3-dimethyl-6-[[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl) carbonyl] amino]-7-oxo-4-thia-1- azabicyclo [3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, monosodium salt.
CLASSIFICATION
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL STATE	white to off-white crystalline powder
MELTING POINT
BOILING POINT
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
SOLUBILITY IN WATER	Soluble
pH	5.0 - 7.0
VAPOR DENSITY
AUTOIGNITION
NFPA RATINGS
REFRACTIVE INDEX
FLASH POINT
STABILITY	Stable under ordinary conditions
GENERAL DESCRIPTION & APPLICATIONS
Some organisms are penicillin-resistant because they produce an enzyme called penicillinase, that destroys the antibiotic. Flucloxacillin, an analogue of oxacillin, is a semisynthetic penicillinase-resistant penicillin against staphylococci primarily. New penicillins such as methicillin, (di)cloxacillin, flucloxacillin and oxacillin are not destroyed by the penicillinase, but have no effect on bacteria that are resistant by other means like by altered cell wall structure. Macrolide antibiotics that inhibits protein synthesis by bacteria have become important in treating penicillin-resistant infections in patients allergic to penicillin. The sodium salt of flucloxacillin is administered orally, intramuscularly, or intravenously. Chemical designation is [2S (2a, 5a, 6b)]-3.3-dimethyl-6-[[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-3-phenyl-4-isoxazolyl) carbonyl] amino]-7-oxo-4-thia-1- azabicyclo [3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, monosodium salt.
SALES SPECIFICATION
APPEARANCE	white to off white free flowing crystalline powder
IDENTIFICATION	Complies
ASSAY	95.0 - 101.0 % (HPLC)
POTENCY	950 - 1010 units/mg
OPTICAL ROTATION	+158° ~ +168°
RELATED SUBSTANCE	1.0% max (Individual), 5.0% max (total)
WATER	3.5 - 4.5%
TRANSPORTATION
PACKING
HAZARD CLASS
UN NO.
OTHER INFORMATION
`Hazard Symbols: n/a, Risk Phrases: n/a, Safety Phrases: 24/25`
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PENICILLIN
· Penicillin: Any of a large group of broad-spectrum antibiotic drugs derived directly or indirectly from molds of the genus Penicillium and other soil-inhabiting fungi grown on special culture media, which exert a bacteriocidal as well as a bacteriostatic effect on susceptible bacteria during their growth stage by the inhibition of biosynthesis of their cell wall mucopeptide. Penicillin, beta-lactam antibiotics, possess a four-ring beta-lactam structure shares a nitrogen and a carbon atom with fused a five-membered thiazolidine ring. These antibiotics have low toxicity for the host but effective against most gram-positive bacteria including pathogens (streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci); clostridia; some gram-negative gonococci; some spirochetes (Treponema pallidum and T. pertenue); and some fungi. Certain strains of some target species, e.g., staphylococci, secrete the enzyme penicillinase, which inactivates penicillin and confers resistance to the antibiotic. · Penicillic acid [CAS RN: 90-65-3]: an antibiotic substance produced by several species of Penicillium and Aspergillus; a white solid soluble in water; melting point 83 - 84 C; antibiotic and mycotoxin induceing DNA single-strand breaks, toxic to animal tissues also, causing nephrotoxicity and other damage. · Penicillin G [also called benzylpenicillin, CAS RN: 61-33-6]: the first and the most widely used penicillin compound for medicinal use. It is used in the form of its stable salts (benzathine, potassium, procaine, and sodium) to treat principally the infections due to penicillin-susceptible gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative cocci, Treponema pallidum, and Actinomyces israelii. · Penicillin G Benzathine [CAS RN: 41372-02-5]: the benzathine salt of penicillin G; having a long-sustained action, administered orally, intramuscularly. Chemically designation is (2S,5R,6R)- 3,3-Dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid with N,N' -Dibenzylethylenediamine (2:1). It is a white crystalline powder; slightly soluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol. · Penicillin G Potassium [CAS RN: 113-98-4]: the potassium salt of penicillin G; administered orally and by intravenously. It is a white crystalline powder; odorless, moderately hygroscopic; soluble in water. · Penicillin G Procaine [CAS RN: 6130-64-9]: the procaine salt of penicillin G; having a long-sustained action, administered intramuscularly. Chemically designation is (2S,5R,6R)- 3,3-Dimethyl-7-oxo-6-(2-phenylacetamido)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid with 2-(Diethylamino)ethyl p-aminobenzoate (1:1). It is a white crystalline powder; slightly soluble in water. · Penicillin G sodium [CAS RN: 69-57-8]: the sodium salt of penicillin G having a potency of 1500–1750 U per mg; administered intramuscularly and intravenously. · Penicillin N (also called adicillin, CAS RN: 525-94-0]: a cephalosporin that is more active against gram-negative organisms than penicillin G and is highly active against Neisseria; has been used in the treatment of typhoid fever and gonorrhea. · Penicillin O: similar to penicillin G in antibiotic action but produced by adding a precursor to the culture medium; penicillin O and its potassium and sodium salts are hypoallergenic. · Penicillin V: [CAS RN: 87-08-1] a semisynthetic penicillin prepared from cultures of the mold Penicillium in the presence of 2-phenoxyethanol with an autolysate of yeast as the source of nitrogen; a white, crystalline powder, soluble in alcohol and acetone; resists destruction by high humidity (gastric juice), thus orally effective. · Penicillin V Benzathine [CAS RN: 63690-57-3] : the benzathine salt of penicillin V, administered orally. Chemical designation is [2S-(2a,5a,6b)]-3,3 -dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(phenoxyacetyl)amino]-4- thia-1- azabicyclo[3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid with N,N' -Dibenzylethylenediamine (2:1). · Penicillin V Potassium [CAS RN: 132-98-9]: the potassium salt of penicillin V, administered orally. Chemical designation is [2S-(2a,5a,6b)]-3,3 -dimethyl-7-oxo-6-[(phenoxyacetyl)amino]-4- thia-1- azabicyclo[3.2.0] heptane-2-carboxylic acid, monopotassium salt.
PRICE INFORMATION